RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 2 Federalism

 RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 2 Federalism

Page – 14

Question 1.
I am confused. What do we call the Indian government? Is it Union, Federal or Central?
Answer:
Indian administrative system is ‘Federal’. But in it central government has been given more power than state governments.

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Question 2.
If federalism works only in big countries, why did Belgium adopt it?
Answer:
Belgium is full of diversities on the ground of ethnicity. It was necessary to adopt the federal system for the unity of Belgium.

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Question 3.
If agriculture and commerce are state subjects, why do we have ministers of agriculture and commerce in the Union cabinet?

Answer:
Agriculture and commerce are state subjects, still we have ministers of agriculture and commerce in the Union cabinet. So that they may co-ordinate in states and avoid conflict between states related to these subjects.

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Question 4.
Has your village/town/city remained under the same State since Independence ? If not, what was the name of the earlier State ?
Answer:
Yes, our village/town/city has been under the same province of Rajasthan since Independence.

Question 5.
Can you identify names of three States in 1947 that have been changed later ?
Answer:
The name of Rajputana, Mysore and Madras has been changed into Rajasthan, Karnataka and Tamilnadu respectively.

 

Question 6.
Identify any three States which have been carved out of bigger State?
Answer: Uttarakhand, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh have been carved out of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh respectively.

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Question 7.
Are you suggesting that regionalism is good for our democracy? Are you serious?
Answer:
Regionalism is good for our democracy because it helps develop the tendency to respect the power sharing and autonomy of the state
governments. So there is no doubt that regionalism is good for democracy.

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Question 8.
Prime Minister runs the country. Chief Minister runs the state. Logically, then, the chairperson of Zila Parishad should run the district. Why does the D.M. or Collector administer the district?
Answer:
The administration of the district cannot be given , to the Chairperson of Zila Parishad,because this system will give them right to make laws and policies for each district. It will create confusion and mismanagement. In present system district collector runs the administration of all districts according to the policies of state governments. This maintains law and order in system.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Federalism Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Locate the following States on a blank outline political map of India : Manipur, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh and Goa.
Answer:

Question 2.
Identify and shade three federal countries (other than India) on a blank outline political map of the world.
Answer:
There are three countries besides India, which have federalism:
1. United States of America,
2. Australia and
3. Belgium.

Question 3.
Point out one feature in the practice of Federalism in India that is similar to and one feature that is different from that of Belgium.
Answer:
One feature in the practice of Federalism in India, that is similar to Belgium is that State governments are not subordinate to the Central governments and different feature is that number of ministers are not determined on the basis of linguistic communities like Belgium in Central government in India.

 

Question 4.
What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? Explain with an example.
Answer:
The main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one are:
1. In federal form of government, the powers are divided between central and state level and both the governments are independent at their levels. While in unitary form of government there is only central government. State governments are dependent on central governments. In this system state governments get their power from central government.

2. In unitary form of government, central government can give orders to state governments, but in federal form of government, central government cannot give orders to the state governments.

3. In unitary form of government, state governments are responsible to central government for their work, while in federal form of government state governments are not responsible to central government for their work. In these, both governments are responsible for public at their levels.
For instance India, U S.A., Canada, Switzerland, Australia, Brazil have federal governments, whereas France, Britain, Japan have unitary form of government.

Question 5.
State any two differences between the local government before and after the Constitutional amendment in 1992.
Answer:
There are two differences between the local government before and after the constitutional amendment in 1992 as follows:

1. Constitutional recognition:
Local government was not given constitutional recognition before 1992, but after the amendment of 1992 local institutions have been given constitutional recognition by including them in 11th and 12th schedule list of constitutions.

2. Reservation system for women: There was no reservation for women in local government before 1992, while after the constitutional amendment of 1992, women were given 33% reservation in local institutions.

Question 6.
Fill in the blanks :
Since the United States is a………. (1)……… type of federation, all the constituent States have equal powers and States are……….(2)…… vis-a-vis the federal government. But India is a ………(3)…….type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the …….(4) ……….
government has more powers.
Answer:
(1) coming together,
(2) strong,
(3) holding together,
(4) central.

 

Question 7.
Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Give an argument and an example to support any of these positions.
Sangeeta : The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
Arman : Language-based States have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language.
Harish : This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other languages.
Answer:
We are agreed with Sangeeta’s reaction that accomodation policy of main Indian languages has strengthened the national unity. A person lives easily with both identities like Kannada and Indian or Bengali or Indian or Tamil and Indian or Gujrati and Indian. The separation of states based on languages has saved India dividing among 14-15 nations. So it is clear that the language policy of India has given respect and honour to all languages, that has strengthened national unity. Although Hindi has been recognised as an official language but it can’t be imposed forcefully at any state. States have their own languages, in which they do the work of state governments.

Question 8.
The distinguishing feature of a federal government is :
(a) National government gives some powers to the provincial governments.
(b) Power is distributed among the legislature, executive and judiciary.
(c) Elected officials exercise supreme power in the government.
(d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.
Answer:
(d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.

 

Question 9.
A few subjects in various Lists of the Indian Constitution are given here. Group them under the Union, State and Concurrent Lists as provided in the table below.
A. Defence; B. Police; C. Agriculture; D. Education; E. Banking; F. Forests; G Communications; H. Trade; I. Marriages.
Answer:

Union List	A. Defence, E. Banking, G. Communications.
State List	B. Police, C. Agriculture, H. Trade
Concurrent List	D. Education, F. Forests, I. Marriages

Question 10.
Examine the following pairs that give the level of government in India and the powers of the government at that level to make laws on the subjects mentioned against each. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

(a) State government	State List
(b) Central government	Union List
(c) Central and State governments	Concurrent List
(d) Local governments	Residuary powers

Answer:
(d) Local governments: Residuary

 

Question 11.
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists :

List-I	List-II
1. Union of India	A. Prime Minister
2. State	B. Sarpanch
3. Municipal Corp-oration	C. Governor
4. Gram Panchayat	D. Mayor

(a) D A B C
(b) B C D A
(c) A C D B
(d) C D A B
Answer:
(c) A C D B

Question 12.
Consider the following two statements :
A. In a federation the powers of the federal and provincial governments are clearly demarcated.

B. India is a federation because the powers of the Union and State Governments are specified in the Constitution and they have exclusive jurisdiction on their respective subjects.

C. Sri Lanka is a federation because the country is divided into provinces.

D. India is no longer a federation because some powers of the States have been devolved to the local government bodies.
Which of the statements given above are correct.
(a) A, B and C
(b) A, C and D
(c) A and B Only
(d) B and C only
Answer:
(c) A and B only.

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