RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

 RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Activity:
Page-48

Question 1.
Find out how many minerals are used to make a light bulb?
Answer:
(i) Mica,
(ii) Tungsten,
(iii) Copper,
(iv) Aluminium,
(v) Dolomite etc.

Activity:
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Question 2.
What is the difference between an open pit mine, a quarry and an underground mine with shafts?
Answer:
Open Pit Mine :
An open-pit mining refers to a method of extracting minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit. These mines are used when deposits of commercially useful minerals or rocks are found
near the surface. The layer above the sea is removed and the exposed deposit is extracted using earth-moving machinery.

Quarry :
It is usually shallower than open- pit mines. It is generally used for extracting building materials, such as dimension stone.
Underground mine with shafts : It is the deepest form of underground mining. It is used when minerals occur deep below the surface or the minerals occur as veins in hard rock. Underground shaft mining is used to extract precious material. Shaft mines have vertical access to the seam via elevators that carry workers and equipment into the mines.

Activity:
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Question 3.
Locate the mines of Bauxite on the physical map of India.
Answer:

Activity:
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Question 4.
Why Chota Nagpur is a storehouse of minerals ?
Answer:
The area of Chota Nagpur in India is a store of minerals. Many types of minerals are found here. Here, many minerals are found as coal, copper, mica, bauxite, iron-ore, managanese, line stone, dolomite, asbestos gold etc. It shares a significant and responsible role in the part of the country’s mineral output. The coalfieds of the damodar valley corporation supply most of the cooking coal. The districts of East and west Singhbhum are the major source of minerals in the region.

Activity:
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Question 5.
Make a list of items where substitutes are being used instead of minerals. Where are these substitutes obtained fromlj
Answer:

Material	Substitute	Origin of. substitute
(i) Petroleum	CNG	Below the earth crust
(ii) Thermal en-ergy (coal)	Hydel power	Rainwater, rivers
(iii) Electrical appliances made by metals	Plastic	Chemicals
(iv) Chairs made by metals	Plastic	Chemicals
(v) Glass bottles	Plastic	Chemicals

Activity:
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Question 6. Name some river valley projects and write the names of the dams built on these rivers.
Answer:

River valley projects	Dams
(i) Chambal River valley project	Kota barrage, Rana Pratap Sagar, Gandhi Saga
(ii) Narmada River valley project	Sardar Sarover
(iii) Mahanadi river valley project	Hirakud
(iv) Son river valley project	Rihand
(v) Krishna river valley project	Koyna
(vi) Ganga river valley project	Tehri
(vii) BhakraNangal Project	Bhakra Nangal
(viii) Damodar valley project	Panchet, Burmi

Activity:
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Question 7.
Locate the 6 nuclear power stations and find out the state in which they are located.
Answer:

Nuclear power stations	State
1. Narora	Uttar Pradesh
2. Rawatbhata	Rajasthan
3. Kakrapar	Gujarat
4. Tarapur	Maharasthra
5. Kaiga	Karnataka
6. Kalpakkam	Tamil Nadu

[Note: See the location of the map in the map related questions ]

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Multiple Choice Questions :

(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material ?
(a) Coal
(b) Bauxite
(c) Gold
(d) Zinc
Answer:
(b) Bauxite

 

(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand, is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals ?
(a) Bauxite
(b) Mica
(c) Iron ore
(d) Copper
Answer:
(b) Mica

(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the following rocks ?
(a) Sedimentary rocks
(b) Metamorphic rocks
(c) Igneous rocks
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Sedimentary rocks

(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand ?
(a) Oil
(b) Uranium
(c) Thorium
(d) Coal
Answer:
(c) Thorium

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

Question (i)
Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.
(a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals.
Answer:

Ferrous minerals	Non-ferrous minerals
(i) These minerals contain iron.	(i) These items do not contain iron.
(ii) India is rich in ferrous minerals.	(ii) India is poor in non- ferrous minerals.
(iii) Iron ore and manganese are important minerals.	(iii) Copper, bauxite, lead and zinc are important non-ferrous minerals.

(b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer:

Conventional sources of energy	Non-conventional sources of energy
(i) These are non-ren-ewable sources of energy e.g. coal and petroleum.	(i) These are renewable sources of energy , e.g., solar energy, wind energy.
(ii) These are not going to last long, just for 100-200 years.	(ii) These are going to last long forever.
(iii) These cause air and water pollution.	(iii) These do not cause any pollution.

Question (ii)
What is a mineral ?
Answer:
Homogeneous, naturally occurring substances, with a definable internal structure are known as minerals, e.g., coal, iron ore, petroleum and marble etc.

 

Question (iii)
How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer:
Minerals generally occur in these forms:
In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals may occur in cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins and larger iodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upwards through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as they rise. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead etc. are obtained from veins and lodes.

Question (iv)
Why do we need to conserve mineral resources ?
Or
Why is conservation of mineral resources essential ? Explain.
Answer:
(i) The total volume of workable mineral deposits is an insignificant fraction, i.e. one percent of the earth’s surface.

(ii) We are rapidly consuming mineral resources that required millions of years to be created and concentrated. Mineral resources are therefore finite and non-renewable.

(iii) Rich mineral deposits are our country’s extremely valuable but short lived possessions. Continued extraction of ores leads to increasing costs and decrease in quality from greater depths.

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

Question (i)
Describe the distribution of coal in India.
Answer:
In India, coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel. It provides a substantial part of the nation’s energy needs. It is used for power generation, to supply energy to industry as well as domestic needs. The principal lignite reserves are Neyveli in Tamil Nadu. The major resources of Gondwana coal are located in Damodar valley (West Bengal-Jharkhand). Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro are important coalfields. The Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys also contain coal deposits. Tertian coal occur in north-eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.

 

Question (ii)
Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
Answer:
(i) Location of India :
India is a tropical country. So lot of solar enegy is available in India. It is about 20 MW per sq. km per annum.

(ii) Thar Desert :
India has Thar desert which can become the biggest solar power house of India.

(iii) Different uses :
Solar energy can be used for cooking, pumping water, refrigerators and street lighting. So its demand will increase in future. Therefore, the importance of solar energy increases.

(iv) Developing country :
India is a developing country. Non-renewable sources of energy are in short supply. So the solar energy can supplement the non-renewable sources of energy.

(v) Some big solar energy are being installed in different parts of the country.

 

Activity

4. Fill the name of the correct mineral in the crossword below :

Across	Down
1. A ferrous mineral (9)	1. Found in placer (4)
2. Raw material for cement industry (9)	2. Iron or mined in Bailadila (B)
3. Finest iron ore with (10)	3. Indispensable for magnetic properties electrical industry (4)
4. Highest quality hard  east India (8)	4. Geological Age of coal (8)coal found in north
5. Aluminium is obtai- (7)	5. Formed in veins and ned from this orelodes (3)
6. Khetri mines are famous for this min-eral (6)
7. Formed due to evaporation