RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity

 RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity

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Question 1.
Some Dalit groups decided to participate in the UN Conference Against Racism in Durban in 2001, demanding the inclusion of caste in the agenda of this conference. Here are three reactions to this move:

1.  Amandeep Kaur (a government official) :
Our Constitution declares caste discrimination to be illegal. If some caste discrimination continues, it is an internal matter. I am opposed to this being raised in an international forum.

2. Oinam (a sociologist) :
I am opposed to this because caste and race are not similar divisions; Caste is a social divison, while race is a biological one. Raising caste in this conference on racism would mean equating the two.

3. Ashok (a Dalit activist) :
The argument about internal matter is a way of preventing open discussion of oppression and discrimi-nation. Race is not purely biological. It is as much a legal and sociological category as caste. Caste discrimination must be raised in this conference.

Which of the three opinions do you agree with most and why ?
Answer:
Among these, we consider Amandeep Kaur’s opinion as most correct. The resaon for this is that this evil has been baned in our constitution and it has been declared illegal. Despite this, if there is any caste discrimination, then it is administrative inefficiency. On this action, punishment can also be given and relief can be given to the affected. The administration should also maintain such a system continuously that such acts should not happen. Therefore, there is no need to raise it on the international stage.

 

Question 2.
I met this group of girls from Pakistan and felt that I had more in common with them than many girls from other parts of my own country. Is this anti-national to feel so?
Answer:
No, this is not anti-national to feel so.

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Question 3.
So, you are saying that too many small divisions are better than a single big division? Are you also saying that politics is a force of unity?
Answer:
In a healthy politics expression of various kinds of small social divisions in politics creates balance between these differences. This leads to strengthening of a democracy.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Democracy and Diversity Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.
Or
On which factors do? the outcomes of politics of social division depend in India ?
Answer:
There are three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions:
1. How People Perceive their Identities:
people see their identities in singular and exclusive terms, it becomes very difficult to accommodate, for example in Northern Ireland. It is much easier if the people see that their identities are multiple and are complementary with the national identity. For example, a majority of Belgians now feel that they are as much Belgian as they are Dutch or German speaking. This helps them to stay together.

2. Role of Political Leaders:
If the political parties and rulers raise the demands within the constitutional framework and are not at the cast of another community. Then it is easier to accommodate on the other hand demands, those do not come with in constitutional framework and at the cost of another community is difficult to accommodate.

3. Reaction of Government:
If the rulers are willing to share power and accommodate the reasonable demands of minority community social divisions become less threatening for the country. But if they try to suppress such a demand , in the name of national unity, the end result is often quite the opposite.

 

Question 2.
When does a social difference become a social division?
Answer:
Social division takes place when some social difference overlap with other differences. The difference between the blacks and whites becomes a social division in the US because the blacks tend to be poor, homeless and white people are prosperous. It results in social division. They feel that they are different from each other.

Question 3.
How do social divisions affect politics? Give two examples.
Answer:
Social divisions affect politics in following ways:

1. The Combination of Politics and Social Divisions is Very Dangerous and Explosive:
If political parties start competing in terms of some existing social divisions, it can make social divisions into political divisions and lead to conflict, violence or even disintegration of a country. This has happened in many countries, e.g. Yugoslavia.

 

2. Expression of Different Interests:
Every expression of social divisions in politics does not lead to such disasters. These divisions are reflected in politics. Social divisions affect voting in most countries. People from one community tend to prefer some party more than others. Belgium is the main example of it.

Question 4.
………… social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions ……. social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.
Answer:

1.      Overlapping

2.      Cross-cutting.

Question 5.
In dealing with social divisions which one of the following statements is NOT correct about democracy?
(a) Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
(b) In a democracy it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner.
(c) Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity.
(d) Democracy always leads to disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.
Answer:
(d) Democracy always leads to disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.

Question 6.
Consider the following three statements:
A. Social divisions take place when social differences overlap.
B. It is possible that a person can have multiple identities.
C. Social divisions exist in only big countries like India.

Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) A, B and C
(b) A and B
(c) B and C
(d) Only C.
Answer:
(b) A and B.

Question 7.
Arrange the following statements in a logical sequence and select the right answers by using the code given below.
A. But all political expression of social divisions need not be always dangerous.
B. Social divisions of one kind or the other exist in most countries.
C. Parties try to win political support by appealing to social divisions.
D. Some social differences may result in social divisions.
(a) D. B, C, A
(b) D, B, A. C
(c) D, A, C, B
(d) A, B, C, D.
Answer:
(a) D, B, C, A.

Question 8.
Among the following, which country suffered disintegration due to political fights on the basis of religious and ethnic identities?
(a) Belgium
(b) India
(c) Yugoslavia
(d) Netherlands.
Answer:
(c) Yugoslavia.

Question 9.
Read the following passage from a famous speech by Martin Luther King Jr. in 1963. Which social division is he talking about? What are his aspirations and anxieties? Do you see a relationship between this speech and the incident in Mexico Olympics mentioned in this chapter?

have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character. Let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to sped up that day when all of God’s children black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual ‘Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!’ I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed : ‘We hold these truths to be selfevident : that all men are created equal’.
Answer:
(i) In the given speech Martin Luther King Jr. is talking about social division between blacks and whites based on skin and racial discrimination policy.

(ii) He aspires for his four little children that they will stay in such a world where everybody is treated equally not for their skin but for their quality of character. He longed for the day when all people men – women. black and white will enjoy the equal rights.

(iii) American Athlete Tomy Smith and John Karlos received their medals wearing black socks without shoes to show that black people are poor. With these gesture, they tried to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the United States. The silver medalist, white Australian athlete Peter Norman put a human rights badge on his shirt during the ceremony to show his support to the two Americans. They fought for the equal rights of black and whites.

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