RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

 RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

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Question 1.
Mummy always says to outsiders : “I don’t work. I am a housewife.” But I see her working non-stop all the time. If what she does is not work, what else is work?
Answer:
The reason of this is that women’s domestic work is not valued and does not get recognition by the society.

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Question 2.
Could you think of some reasons why women’s representation is so low in India ? Do you think Americas and Europe have achieved a satisfactory level of women’s representation ?
Answer:
Yes, women’s representation is so low in India.
There are several reasons for this. Some of the major reasons are as follows :

1.      The society of India is still a patriarchal society.

2.      The prevalence of education among women is very less.

3.      The literacy rate among women is still only 54 percent.

4.      Women are less interested in politics.

5.      Due to incidents of female harassment, exploitatibn and violence, women do not come forward in this area.

6.      Lack of complete security for women, etc.

Representation of Women in USA and Europe:
We believe that the representation of women in America and Europe is much better than in India. But even then it cannot be called satisfactory. As of October 1, 2014, there were 29.5 percent women in the National Parliament of America and 26.4 percent women in Europe, except in the Nordic countries. This percentage was 42.3 in Nordic countries. In this way, the representation of women in America and Europe is still less than the proportion of their population.

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Question 3.
If casteism and communalism are bad, what makes feminism a good thing ? Why don’t we oppose all those who divide the society on any lines – caste, religion or gender ?
Answer:
Casteism and communalism are bad because they tend to create rift in the social fabric of the society. They tend to create differences between poeple belonging to different castes and religion, which further has the potential to give rise to acts of unrest and violence. On the other hand, Feminism refers to advocate and believe equal rights and opportunities in social and economic spheres for both genders i.e., males and females. It is an inclusive concept unlike casteism and communalism which are exclusionary concept.

 

Therefore, feminism is a good thing unlike Casteism and Communalism. Society is composed of different sets of people with different set of beliefs. Some adhere to their caste religions and other are more open minded and accommodate every caste and religion. But since decision of society on line caste, religion and gender will ultimately lead to unrest and acts of violence, we must oppose the people who divide the society on such lines.

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Question 4.
I am not religious. Why should I bother about communalism and secularism?
Answer:
Since communalism and secularism affect our political and social life at some extent. So we should resist communalism and support secularism, whether we were religious or not.

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Question 5.
I often crack jokes about people from one religion. Does that make me communal ?
Answer:
Communalism is the phenomenon where identity of the nation is attached with a particular religion. Cracking jokes about people from one religion may not strictly be communal, but we must forbid this practise as it may hurt the person of that particular religion to which he belongs to.

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Question 6.
I don’t care what my caste is. Why are we discussing all this in the textbook? Are we not promoting casteism by talking about caste?
Answer: Since casteism affects politics and politics affect casteism. Casteism creates hurdle in the way of democracy. Discussing on this matter we can find the solution of this problem and can abolish it.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Gender Religion and Caste Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.
Answer:
There are following aspects on which women are discriminated:
1. In Education:
In India the literacy rate among women is 54% only whereas it is 76% among men. Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies. Because parents prefer to spend their resources for their boys’ education rather than spending equally on their sons and daughters.

2. In High Paid Jobs:
The proportion of women among the highly paid and valued jobs is still very small.

 

3. Low Wages:
In almost all areas of work, from sports and cinema, to factories and fields, women are paid less than men even when both do exactly the same work.

4. Desire of Son:
In many parts of India, parents prefer to have sons and find ways to have the girl cljild aborted before she is bom. Selective abortion leads to a decline in child sex ratio in the country to merely 919.

Question 2.
State different forms of communal politics with. pne example each.
Answer:
Different forms of communal politics are as follows:
1. It involves superiority of one’s religion over other religion.

2. A communal mind often leads to a quest for political’dominance of one’s own religious community. This takes the form of majoritarian dominance. It can take the form of a desire to form a separate political unit.

3. Political mobilisation on religious lines is another frequent form of communalism. This involves the use of sacred symbols, religious leaders, emotional appeal and plain fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political arena.

4. Sometimes communalism takes its most ugly form of communal violence, riots and massacre.

Question 3.
State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.
Answer:
Caste inequalities are still continuing in India:

1.      Most people marry within their own caste.

2.      Untouchability has not ended completely.

3.      In election, people vote for those candidates who belong to their caste.

4.      Caste continues to be closely linked to economic status.

 

Question 4.
State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.
Answer:
Caste alone cannot determine election results in India:

1.      No parliamentary constituency in the country has a clear majority of one single caste.

2.      No party wins the votes of all the voters of a caste or community.

3.      Many political parties may put up candidates from the same caste.

Question 5.
What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative btidies?
Answer:
The proportion of women represen- tatines in the ligislature of India is very low.

1.      Women members in Lok Sabha has reached 14.36% in 2019 for the first time.

2.      Their share in the state assemblies is less than 5 percent.

3.      One – third of seats in local government bodies in panchayats and municipalities are now reserved for women. Today, the number of elected women in the rural and urban local bodies of India is more than 10 lakhs.

Question 6.
Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.
Answer:
There are two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.

1.      There is no official religion for the Indian state. The constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.

2.      The constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion.

 

Question 7.
When we speak of gender divisions, we usually refer to:
(a) Biological difference between men and women
(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society’ to men and women
(c) Unequal child sex ratio
(d) Absence of voting rights for women in democracies.
Answer:
(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women.

Question 8.
In India seats are reserved for women in :
(a) Lok Sabha
(b) State legislative assemblies
(c) Cabinets
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies.
Answer:
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies.

 

Question 9.
Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics. Communal politics is based on the belief that:
A. One religion is superior to that of others.
B. People belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens.
C. Followers of a particular religion constitute one community.
D. State power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others.

Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) A, B, C, and D
(b) A, B and D
(c) A and C
(d) B and D
Answer:
(c) A and C.

Question 10.
Which among the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong? It
(a) prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
(b) gives official status to one religion.
(c) provides to all individuals freedom to profess any religion.
(d) ensures equality of citizens within religious communities.
Answer:
(b) gives official status to one religion.

Question 11.
Social divisions based on are peculiar to India.
Answer:
caste.

Question 12.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer given below the Lists :

List-I	List-II
1. A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men	A. Communalist
2. A person who says that religion is the principal basis of community	B. Feminist
3. A person who thinks that caste is the principal basis of community	C. Secularist
4. A person who does not discriminate others on the basis of religious beliefs	D. Castiest

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