Microsoft Excel INDEX() Function

 The INDEX() function in Microsoft Excel returns the value of a cell in a specified row and column of a range or array. Here's how to use it:

=INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])

Let's break down each part of the INDEX() function:

array: This is the range of cells or array from which you want to retrieve the value.

row_num: This is the row number within the array from which you want to retrieve the value.

[column_num] (optional): This is the column number within the array from which you want to retrieve the value. If you omit this argument, Excel will default to the entire row specified by row_num.

Here's an example:

Suppose you have a table of sales data in cells A1 to C5, where column A contains product IDs, column B contains product names, and column C contains their corresponding sales amounts. You want to retrieve the sales amount for the product with ID "P001".

=INDEX(C1:C5, MATCH("P001", A1:A5, 0))

This formula uses the MATCH() function to find the position of "P001" within the range A1:A5 (the product IDs). Then, it uses the INDEX() function to return the value from column C (the sales amounts) in the same row where "P001" is found.