FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

THE  ORGAN ARE BROADLY DEVIDED IN TO

(1) External Genitalia                         (2) Internal Genitalia

(1) External Genitalia(Vulva):-

(A) Mons Pubis:-

⦁ Pad of subcutaneous tissue.

in adult female cover by hair follicles.

(B) Labia Majora:-

⦁ Elevated fold of skin & subcutaneous tissue. 

⦁ It contain  sebaceous gland , sweat gland & hair follicles.

⦁ Inner surface is hairless.

⦁ It is homologous the scrotum in the male.

(C) Labia Minora:-

⦁ Two thin fold of skin (Devoid Of Fat)

⦁ Either side just with in the labia majora.

⦁ Lower portion of the labia minora fuses across the midline to from "fourchett".

⦁ It do not contain hair follicles.

(D) Vestibules:-

⦁ Triangular space bounded interiorly by the clitoris.

⦁ Posterior by the fourchett

⦁ Either side by labia minora.

There are four openings in the vestibule-

(I) Urethral Opening :-

⦁ Situated midline just in front of the vaginal orifice.

(II)Vaginal Orifice & Hymen :-

⦁ Lies in the posterior end of vestibule.

⦁ In virgins & nulliparus the opening Is closed by labia minora.

⦁ Closed by A septum of the mucous membrane called hymen.

(III)&(IV) Opening Of Bartholine Ducts:-

⦁ Two bartholin gland are on each side.

⦁ During sexual excitement it secret mucous which help in lubrication.

(E) Clitoris :- 

⦁ Small cylindrical erectile body 2.5cm in length.     

⦁ Richly supplied with nerves

⦁ Homologous to the glan penis in the male.

(F) Vestibular Bulb:-

⦁ Bilateral elongated masses of erectile tissue.

⦁ Each bulb lies on either side of vaginal orifice in front of bartholin gland .

⦁ Homogenous to the corpus sponglosum in male .

(G) Perineum:-

⦁ It is the space between the vagina & rectum in female .

(2) Internal Genital Organs :-

⦁ Vagina

⦁ Uterus

⦁ Fallopian tube 

⦁ Ovaries

(A) Vagina:- 

⦁ Fibro muscular membranes communicating the (Uterus) uterine cavity with the value.

⦁ Composed of stratified squalors epithelial cells.

⦁ Organ of copulation & forms the birth canal of Parturition.

⦁ Forming an 450 Angle .   

⦁ Length interiorly 7.5cm posterior 9 Cm.

⦁ PH of vaginas is acidic (3.8 To 4.5 Ph) 

* Formicas:- Space between the vaginal part of the cervix & vaginal wall.

(B) Uterus :- 

⦁ Hollow pyriorm muscular organ situated in the pelvis between the bladder In front & septum

⦁ M. behind .

⦁ Position- ante vertex/ ESI (2008) ESI  (2010)

⦁ Measurement- 7.5 cm long X 5cm wide X 2.5 cm thick.

⦁ Weight - 60 gram.         

⦁ Part- (1) Funds (2) Body (3)Cervix

(I) Funds:- 

⦁ Uterine tube , round ligament & ligament of ovary are attached to it.

(II)Body:- 

⦁ Uterine cavity length 6.5 To 7 Cm.

⦁ Implantation of zygote take place.

⦁ Development of fetus takes place here

⦁ The wall of body consist of 3 layers - Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium.

(3) Cervix:-

⦁ Length 2.5 to 3 Cm.

⦁ Two parts - ectocervix, endocervix.

⦁ Pouch of Douglas - peritoneum attached to the uterus & rectum.

(D) Fallopian Tube / Uterine Tube :- 

⦁ Pair

⦁ red structure measuring about 10 Cm .

Parts:-

⦁ Interstitial part (1.25 Cm)

⦁ Isthmus (2.5 Cm)

⦁ Ampulla(5 Cm)

⦁ Infundibulum (1.25 Cm)

⦁ Diameter 6 Mm

⦁ It transports the gamester, facilitate fertilization & survival of zygote through its secretion.

⦁ Fertilization always ampulls part of fallopian tube.

(D) Ovary:-

⦁ Paired sex organ or gland In female .

⦁ Pinkish gray in color .

⦁ Measure about 3cm long X 2cm wide X 1cm thick.

⦁ It Is Intra peritoneal structure.

⦁ Ovary is attached to the posterior layer of broad ligament by the mesovarium.

⦁ Lateral pelvic wall by the infundibulate to pelvic ligament & to the uterus by the ovarian ligament.

Note :- The most important muscle supporting the pelvic organ is the elevator any which forms the pelvic floor .

Breast :-

⦁ Accessory sex organ 

⦁ Breast are bilateral glandular structure.

⦁ The shape of the breast varies in women .

⦁ But the size of the base of the breast is fairly constant.

⦁ Extend from 2nd to 6th rib .

Order Of Sexual Development :-

        The Thelarch (Breast Development ) 

↓

        Pubarch (Auxiliary & Pubic Hair Growth)   

        ↓

              Height

        ↓

                Menarche →Start Menstrual Cycle

                         ↓

            Menarche (Start Mons us)  13-14 Years